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        重拾Python
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        <span itemprop="name">月光倾城的代码小屋</span>
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    <h3 id="前言"><a href="#前言" class="headerlink" title="前言"></a>前言</h3><h4 id="安装-Anaconda"><a href="#安装-Anaconda" class="headerlink" title="安装 Anaconda"></a>安装 Anaconda</h4><p>那么问题来了本地已经安装了<code>python</code>为啥还需要使用<code>Anaconda</code>呢？</p>
<blockquote>
<p>1）Anaconda 附带了一大批常用数据科学包，它附带了 conda、Python 和 150 多个科学包及其依赖项。因此你可以立即开始处理数据。<br>2）管理包Anaconda 是在 conda（一个包管理器和环境管理器）上发展出来的。在数据分析中，你会用到很多第三方的包，而conda（包管理器）可以很好的帮助你在计算机上安装和管理这些包，包括安装、卸载和更新包。<br>3）管理环境为什么需要管理环境呢？比如你在A项目中用了 Python 2，而新的项目B老大要求使用Python 3，而同时安装两个Python版本可能会造成许多混乱和错误。这时候 conda就可以帮助你为不同的项目建立不同的运行环境。<br>4) Anaconda支持windows、linux、Mac，这点非常好，这意味着你在任何环境下都能使用anaconda来管理你的代码。并且Anaconda和vscode是合作关系，Anaconda在vscode中得到了很好的支持<br>详情请参考<a href="https://www.zhihu.com/question/58033789" target="_blank" rel="noopener">知乎问答</a></p>
</blockquote>
<h4 id="linux下安装Anaconda"><a href="#linux下安装Anaconda" class="headerlink" title="linux下安装Anaconda"></a>linux下安装Anaconda</h4><p>访问官网，复制出来anaconda linux版本的下载地址<br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 全局环境安装，所以还是切换到root账号比较靠谱</span></span><br><span class="line">su root</span><br><span class="line">wget https://repo.anaconda.com/archive/Anaconda3-5.3.1-Linux-x86_64.sh</span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 为下载的bash文件添加可执行权限</span></span><br><span class="line">chmod +x Anaconda3-5.3.1-Linux-x86_64.sh</span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 执行bash文件</span></span><br><span class="line">sudo ./Anaconda3-5.3.1-Linux-x86_64.sh</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>接下来安装开始，anaconda的安装地址建议放在<code>/usr/share/anaconda3</code>下，这样任何用户都能使用<code>anaconda</code><br>然后就是编辑.bashrc文件，写入<code>source /usr/share/anaconda3/etc/profile.d/conda.sh</code>，执行<code>source ~/.bashrc</code>，这样就能在命令行执行<code>conda</code>命令了<br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">conda list <span class="comment"># 查看安装的包</span></span><br><span class="line">conda install [package_name] <span class="comment"># 安装包</span></span><br><span class="line">spyder <span class="comment"># 启动Spyder编辑器</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 更新conda，保持conda最新</span></span><br><span class="line">conda update conda</span><br><span class="line"> </span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 更新anaconda</span></span><br><span class="line">conda update anaconda</span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 更新python</span></span><br><span class="line">conda update python</span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 假设当前环境是python 3.4, conda会将python升级为3.4.x系列的当前最新版本</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 安装新的环境</span></span><br><span class="line">conda create --name py370 python=3.7.0</span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 查看已经安装的环境</span></span><br><span class="line">conda info --e</span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 激活py370</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">source</span> /usr/share/anaconda3/bin/activate py370</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>然后就会看到终端变成了<code>(py370) lidikang@khserver:~$</code>的字样</p>
<h3 id="windows下载安装anaconda"><a href="#windows下载安装anaconda" class="headerlink" title="windows下载安装anaconda"></a>windows下载安装anaconda</h3><p>官网<a href="https://www.anaconda.com/download/#windows" target="_blank" rel="noopener">下载安装包</a>，无脑点击下一步就好了，环境的创建可以在<code>anaconda navigator</code>的界面中创建<br>激活环境和linux一致，cmd中输入<code>D:/anaconda/Scripts/activate 环境</code>名就好了</p>

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